In a historic ruling, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations' highest court, declared that all countries are legally obligated under international law to address climate change and curb greenhouse gas emissions. The court found that failing to act on climate change could breach international law, and wealthy or major polluting nations may be held financially liable for damages caused to vulnerable countries. The advisory opinion, prompted by a campaign led by Pacific Island nations like Vanuatu, affirms that a healthy environment is a human right and opens the door for climate reparations and lawsuits between countries. This landmark decision is expected to influence global climate litigation and increase pressure on governments to meet their climate commitments. The ruling is seen as a major victory for climate justice advocates and a turning point in international climate accountability.
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